The UAE’s energy transition has entered a new phase. After rapidly scaling renewable generation, particularly solar, the focus is shifting from building clean energy capacity to creating the infrastructure required to integrate it reliably into the grid.
For decades, the country’s power system was built around predictable generation sources, but the growth of renewables is changing how electricity is produced, managed and dispatched. As solar becomes a larger part of the energy mix, technologies such as battery energy storage, flexible gas generation and digital grid management are becoming essential to maintaining reliability while reducing emissions.
With almost three decades of experience operating power and water infrastructure across the GCC, ENGIE has been closely involved in the region’s evolving energy landscape. Niko Cornelis, CEO GCC at ENGIE, discusses how the UAE is moving towards a more integrated energy model, why storage and flexibility will be critical, and how the next generation of grids will combine renewable generation, advanced technology and resilient infrastructure.
The UAE has been one of the fastest-moving markets on clean energy deployment in the region. Where would you say the country sits today in that journey?
The UAE’s energy transition has advanced faster than most comparable markets. Solar capacity has grown substantially, clean energy targets are backed by contracted projects rather than aspirational plans, and the strategic frameworks governing the sector have proven consistent enough for developers and operators that commit capital over decade-long horizons.
ENGIE has been part of this journey for almost 30 years, contributing to both power generation and water production across the country. Producing approximately 20 per cent of the UAE’s electricity gives us a ground-level view of how the system is evolving and what it takes to keep it performing reliably as the generation mix changes.
The country is now at the stage where the generation buildout and the grid integration layer are advancing together. This is the natural progression of an energy system that has successfully scaled clean generation and is now building the infrastructure to dispatch it with the same reliability the system has always delivered.
As solar takes a larger share of the generation mix, the operational profile of the grid changes significantly. What does that mean in practice for developers and operators like ENGIE?
As solar takes a larger share of the generation mix, the operational profile of the grid changes. Generation becomes more variable; the system needs assets that can not only produce, but can respond quickly.
In the UAE, this is being addressed through structured long-term frameworks. Our projects are contracted through PPAs that provide commercial visibility for decades, which is what allows us to invest in the right combination of technology – not just solar, but battery storage and flexible gas.
For ENGIE, our core business is built around integrating renewable generation with flexible capacity and storage, designed to deliver reliable power around the clock. This capability is proven across our global operations, and its directly relevant to what the UAE is building now.
ENGIE has operated across power and water infrastructure in the GCC for decades. What lessons from that experience apply to how the UAE is sequencing generation, storage and transmission today?
ENGIE’s three decades of operating major power and water assets in the GCC has taught one primary lesson: generation, storage, and flexible capacity must be planned and built together to ensure grid reliability. The UAE’s current energy strategy is a direct application of this principle.
This is visible in three ways:
Managing the shift to renewables: Leveraging its experience from running foundational gas assets like Al Taweelah A1, ENGIE understands the need for a stable grid. As it helps develop massive solar projects, this experience informs how to integrate vast intermittent renewables without sacrificing reliability.
Firming renewable power: The UAE is pairing its solar build-out with energy storage (BESS) and flexible, fast-ramping gas turbines
Integrated grid planning: The strategy recognises that generation and storage assets are only effective if connected by a modern, intelligent grid. The UAE is sequencing its investments to ensure its transmission network can manage the complex energy flows of a renewables-led system.
In short, the UAE’s disciplined approach, combining renewable generation with integrated storage and a modern grid, is a direct reflection of the hard-won operational lessons learned by partners like ENGIE over decades.
Battery energy storage has moved quickly from pilot to utility-scale deployment in the GCC. How do you see BESS reshaping the way solar is delivered to the grid?
The simplest way to think about it is that without storage, solar power is only available when the sun is shining. With BESS, you can store what’s generated during the day and release it into the grid during the evening peak or overnight. That changes solar from an intermittent source into something much closer to firm, dispatchable power, which is what grid operators require.
In the UAE, future large-scale solar projects will be designed with storage integrated from the outset, reflecting a clear intention to provide firm, dispatchable renewable power alongside traditional generation. ENGIE is actively building its capacity in this space and we see BESS as an essential tool in making our renewable projects bankable and operationally reliable over the long term.
Gas has historically been the backbone of UAE generation. As renewables scale, how is its role evolving?
Flexible and efficient gas generation remains the essential enabler of the UAE’s energy transition. As more renewable capacity comes online, the primary role of gas is shifting from providing continuous baseload to providing the essential firming capacity needed to guarantee grid stability.
This new role demands gas assets that are not only reliable but also aligned with long-term decarbonization goals. The focus is now on deploying state-of-the-art technology. For instance, high-efficiency combined-cycle gas turbines (CCGT) offer best-in-class performance, generating more electricity from less natural gas. This superior efficiency directly reduces CO2 emissions per megawatt-hour, ensuring that the grid is stabilised in the most carbon-conscious way possible.
Furthermore, the strategy for gas involves future-proofing these assets for a net-zero world. The latest generation of turbines are being designed to be “hydrogen-ready,” capable of co-firing hydrogen with natural gas today and transitioning to 100 per cent hydrogen in the future. This creates a clear pathway to decarbonise these plants over their operational life. Paired with the potential integration of Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (CCUS), these modern gas assets are being positioned not just as a bridging fuel, but as a long-term, low-carbon source of essential grid reliability.
Physical assets such as storage, flexible gas, and solar, are only part of the equation. What role does the digital – layer play in making it all work together?
As the generation mix becomes more diverse, the digital layer that orchestrates these assets is critical for grid stability. Real-time data and smart dispatch are essential for balancing the system as conditions change.
The UAE’s commitment to building this digital capability in parallel with its physical assets makes it a leading market. For ENGIE, this allows us to bring our global expertise in energy management directly to the UAE, using our advanced analytics and operational platforms to enhance reliability and optimisze the entire system.
The UAE Energy Strategy 2050 and Abu Dhabi’s 2035 clean energy targets have created a substantial project pipeline. How is ENGIE contributing to these agendas, and what does a project like Khazna represent in that context?
The UAE Energy Strategy 2050, the Abu Dhabi target to meet a majority of electricity demand from clean and renewable sources by 2035, and the project pipeline supporting both reflect the kind of long-term consistency that makes deep investment rational for developers and their partners.
ENGIE’s contribution to that pipeline includes the 1.5 GW Khazna Solar PV project, developed alongside Masdar under a 30-year agreement with EWEC. Once fully operational in 2028, this project will provide a significant volume of renewable power, directly supporting the UAE’s clean energy and decarbonisation objectives. Being part of a programme on this scale and maturity is where the energy transition moves from strategy to execution.
As the UAE moves into this next phase, what should observers be watching for as the markers of success?
From our perspective as a long-term energy partner in the UAE, the key indicator of success is not simply the gigawatts of new capacity built, but how effectively all the new and existing assets work together to ensure reliability, year after year.
What makes the UAE’s approach noteworthy is that this integration is already at the heart of the strategy. We see that renewable generation, flexible gas, battery storage, and desalination are being planned and deployed to function as a single, cohesive system.
For observers, this tangible shift from focusing on individual projects to executing a fully integrated energy plan is the most important marker of a successful, resilient transition. Our role, as a committed partner, is to help deliver this next phase by combining generation, flexibility, and infrastructure to support the UAE’s long-term energy security.