Global arms transfers rise nearly 10%; US remains largest exporter: SIPRI
In the Middle East, arms imports declined 13 per cent, although Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Kuwait remained among the world’s top importers
11 March, 2026
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Global transfers of major weapons increased 9.2 per cent between 2016–20 and 2021–25, driven largely by a surge in demand from Europe following the Russian-Ukrainian crisis, according to new data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).
European states more than tripled their arms imports, making the region the world’s largest recipient of weapons. Ukraine alone accounted for 9.7 per cent of all arms transfers during the period.
The US remained the world’s largest arms exporter, supplying 42 per cent of global arms transfers, up from 36 per cent in the previous five-year period.
Overall, US exports rose 27 per cent, including a 217 per cent increase in shipments to Europe.
France comes in as the second-largest exporter
France ranked as the second-largest arms exporter, accounting for 9.8 per cent of global exports, while exports from Russia fell sharply by 64 per cent, reducing its share of global arms exports to 6.8 per cent.
Europe accounted for 33 per cent of global arms imports, with nearly half of those weapons supplied by the US. Poland and the UK were among the largest importers in the region after Ukraine.
Elsewhere, arms imports in Asia and Oceania fell by 20 per cent, largely due to a sharp drop in purchases by China as domestic defence production expanded.
Arms imports to the Middle East and Asia
In the Middle East, arms imports declined 13 per cent, although Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Kuwait remained among the world’s top importers. Imports to the region continued to be dominated by the US, which supplied more than half of all deliveries.
Four states in Asia and Oceania ranked among the 10 largest arms importers globally in 2021–25: India, Pakistan, Japan and Australia. The main supplier to the region in 2021–25 was the US, which accounted for 35 per cent of regional arms imports. Russia accounted for another 17 per cent and China for 14 per cent.
According to SIPRI figures, India was the world’s second-largest arms importer. Its imports decreased marginally (–4 per cent) between 2016–20 and 2021–25. The largest share of Indian arms imports came from Russia, at 40 per cent, a significantly smaller share than in 2016–20 (51 per cent) and almost half that in 2011–15 (70 per cent).
Arms imports by Pakistan grew by 66 per cent between 2016–20 and 2021–25. China supplied 80 per cent of Pakistan’s arms imports in 2021–25, up from 73 per cent in 2016–20.
Data from SIPRI tracks the volume of international transfers of major weapons systems, including sales, aid and licensed production, rather than their financial value.
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